Monday, February 8, 2010
A PuiChing Question (to someone)
Problem. Denote $ [x]$ the greastest integer not exceeding $ x$, calculate $ \displaystyle\sum\limits_{k=1}^{100}[\sqrt{k(k+4)+20}]$.
Solution.
First note that $ \sqrt{k(k+4)+20}=(k+2)\sqrt{1+\big(4/(k+2)\big)^2}$, it conveys us some messages. As $ k$ increases, we have $ \sqrt{k(k+4)+20}= k+2 + f(k)$, where $ f(k)\to 0$ as $ k\to\infty$. But only the integral part deserves our concern, so if $ k+2 <\sqrt{k(k+4)+20}<k+3$, then everything goes smooth and we have $ [\sqrt{k(k+4)+20}]=k+2$. But when does this inequality hold? Just solve the inequality we have $ k>5.5$, so the inequality is true of $ k\ge 6$ and thus the value should be $ 5+5+6+7+8+8+9+10+\cdots +102 = 5256$. $ \blacksquare$
Solution.
First note that $ \sqrt{k(k+4)+20}=(k+2)\sqrt{1+\big(4/(k+2)\big)^2}$, it conveys us some messages. As $ k$ increases, we have $ \sqrt{k(k+4)+20}= k+2 + f(k)$, where $ f(k)\to 0$ as $ k\to\infty$. But only the integral part deserves our concern, so if $ k+2 <\sqrt{k(k+4)+20}<k+3$, then everything goes smooth and we have $ [\sqrt{k(k+4)+20}]=k+2$. But when does this inequality hold? Just solve the inequality we have $ k>5.5$, so the inequality is true of $ k\ge 6$ and thus the value should be $ 5+5+6+7+8+8+9+10+\cdots +102 = 5256$. $ \blacksquare$
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